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(#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àÔ2#ÔÚ  Ú0Ú  Ú)Ô3  Ôà0À(#À(#à(ǵ{$»»à0  àà0` (#(#àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àà0À(#À(#àÔ2#ÔÚ  ÚaÚ  Ú)Ô3  Ôà0p(#(#à(F$ïïà0  àà0` (#(#àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àà0À(#À(#àà0p(#(#àÔ2#ÔÙ ÙÚ  ÚÚ  ÚÙ Ù)Ô3  Ôà0Èp(#p(#àÙ ÙMNOPQRSTyEìGaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets ListÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ„°ÑÒ„°ÒÒϰÒÔ‡LX½áXXXÔò òÔ‡LîvûîXLX½áÔÓ  ÓReport€and€Recommendations€on€Iraqi€DetaineesÔ#†LX½áXîLîvû‰#ÔÐ „ ÐÔ‡LŠ[£ˆXLX½áÔChristian€Peacemaker€Teams,€IraqÔ#†LX½áXˆLŠ[£#ÔÐ °, ÐJanuary€2004Ð ´0 ÐÌÓ¨ÓÌREPORT€CONTENTSó ó€Ð „ ÐÌBetween€ò òó óMay€31€and€December€20,€2003,€CPT€Iraq€conducted€dozens€of€interviews€of€IraqiÐ d à Ðdetainees€and/or€their€families€and€support€networks.€€In€Section€I,€this€report€summarizes€theÐ T Ð Ðfindings€from€seventy„two€cases,€and€includes€recommendations€to€the€US„led€CoalitionÐ D À  ÐProvisional€Authority€(CPA).€€Section€II€provides€the€full€report,€including€the€case€studyÐ 4 °  Ðprocess€and€trends€identified€from€the€seventy„two€cases.€Section€III€is€a€presentation€of€theÐ $   Ðstatistical€data,€including€a€glossary€defining€how€terms€are€used.ò òÐ   ÐÌÔ#†XÞzXXLX½ág#ÔÔ‡LX½áXXXÞzÔÌÓ  ÓÔ‡L¼5l»XLX½áÔSection€I:€€Report€SummaryÔ#†LX½áX»L¼5lÉ#ÔÐ ä` ÐÓ½ÓÌINTRODUCTIONó óÐ ìh ÐÌChristian€Peacemaker€Teams€(CPT),€established€in€1988,€is€an€independent,€faith„based,Ð ÌH Ðviolence„reduction€project,€supported€by€Christian€churches€across€North€America.€CurrentlyÐ ¼8 ÐCPT€has€teams€working€to€reduce€violence€in€Colombia,€Hebron,€Canada€and€in€Iraq.€€TheÐ ¬( ÐChristian€foundations€of€CPTððs€work€leads€its€workers€to€believe€that€all€people€have€the€rightÐ œ Ðto€live€in€peace€and€freedom.Ð Œ ÐÌCPT€has€maintained€a€presence€in€Iraq€since€October€2002.€Presently€CPT€is€working€withÐ lè ÐIraqi€human€rights€organizations€and€individuals€to€monitor€various€interactions€betweenÐ \Ø ÐCoalition€Forces€and€the€Iraqi€people.€CPT€is€particularly€concerned€that€any€mistreatment€ofÐ LÈ Ðthe€Iraqi€people€could€lead€to€long„term€problems€including:Ð <¸ ÐÌà0 Ü à1.€Increasing€numbers€of€Iraqi€people€joining€resistance€groups.Ð  ˜ Ð2.€Increasing€danger€of€attacks€against€Coalition€soldiers.Ð  !ˆ Ð3.€A€growing€record€of€human€rights€violations€against€the€Iraqi€people.Ð ü!x  ÐÐ Ü $Ü $ ÐThe€Coalition€has€been€the€governing€body€of€Iraq€since€the€fall€of€the€Saddam€HusseinÐ Ü#X " Ðregime€on€April€9th,€2003.€Since€that€time,€the€Coalition€Provisional€Authority€has€imprisonedÐ Ì$H!# Ðthousands€of€people.€The€CPA€now€has€the€responsibility€of€housing€those€prisoners€andÐ ¼%8"$ Ðseparating€the€guilty€from€the€innocent.€The€CPA€also€has€additional€duties€because€theÐ ¬&(#% ÐInternational€Committee€of€the€Red€Cross€has€left€Iraq€due€to€the€lack€of€security.€TheseÐ œ'$& Ðadditional€CPA€duties€are€to€inform€family€members€of€the€whereabouts€of€imprisonedÐ Œ(%' Ðrelatives,€to€report€on€prisoners'€health€and€well„being,€and€to€arrange€family€visits.Ð  |)ø%( Ðò òSUMMARY€OF€FINDINGSó óÐ „ ÐÐ ÐCPT€has€presented€the€Coalition€Provisional€Authority€with€statistical€data€compiled€fromÐ dà Ðseventy„two€case€studies€of€Iraqi€detainees€conducted€by€CPT€Iraq.€Our€conclusion€isÐ TÐ Ðstraightforward:€the€military€actions€designed€to€ensure€short„term€security€are€in€factÐ DÀ Ðcompromising€long„term€security€interests€of€Iraqis€and€all€internationals,€including€the€CPA.Ð 4° ÐThe€following€trends€highlight€problems€that€need€immediate€attention€and€policy€development.Ð $   Ѐ€€€€Ð   Ðò ò1.€Violent€House€Raids:ó ó€House€raids€terrify€Iraqi€children€and€heap€shameon€Iraqi€womenÐ  € Ðwho€are€pulled€from€their€beds€wearing€only€nightclothes.€In€a€Muslim€culture,€this€isÐ ô p  Ðparticularly€offensive,€and€Iraqi€men€and€boys€are€incensed€by€this€treatment.€TheirÐ ä `  Ðunderstandable€anger€and€frustration€ultimately€puts€every€soldier€at€risk.€€CPT€stronglyÐ Ô P  Ðrecommends€ending€such€midnight€raids.Ð Ä@  ÐÐ Ðò ò2.€Lack€of€family€visitsó ó€€with€prisoners€is€causing€frustration€and€anger.€€In€addition,€manyÐ ¤  Ðfamilies€trying€to€visit€prisoners€receive€misleading€directions.€For€instance,€it€is€clear€thatÐ ” Ðappointments€for€visitation€at€Abu„Ghraib€must€be€made€at€the€prison.€€But€on€13€DecemberÐ „ Ð2003,€when€CPT€members€accompanied€several€family€members€to€Abu„Ô_ÔGhraibÔ_Ô€west€ofÐ tð ÐBaghdad,€U.S.€guards€told€us€that€families€could€only€make€appointments€at€a€place€near€theÐ dà ÐÔ_ÔRasheedÔ_Ô€Hotel€in€Baghdad.€Finally,€the€waiting€time€for€an€appointment€is€six€months.€CPTÐ TÐ Ðstrongly€urges€the€CPA€to€make€it€easier€for€families€to€visit€detainees€and€obtain€informationÐ DÀ Ðabout€them.€€In€doing€so,€the€U.S.€can€model€transparency€and€commitment€to€human€rightsÐ 4° Ðfor€the€rest€of€the€international€community.Ð $  ÐÐ Ðò ò3.€Health€Concerns:ó ó€€Families€have€no€way€to€inquire€about€the€health€and€well„being€ofÐ € Ðprisoners.€This€is€particularly€distressing€when€families€know€that€their€detained€loved€onesÐ ôp Ðwere€injured€at€the€time€of€their€arrest.€CPT€has€no€examples€of€families€who€were€able€toÐ ä` Ðobtaininformation€about€the€health€of€detainees€who€were€injured€and€taken€to€hospital€at€theÐ ÔP Ðtime€of€their€arrests.€Family€members€often€report€that€detained€relatives€have€chronic€healthÐ Ä@ Ðproblems€such€as€diabetes,€heart€disease,€or€high€blood€pressure.€CPT€urges€the€CPA€toÐ ´0 Ðallow€family€members€access€to€all€information€pertaining€to€the€health€of€detainees.Ð ¤  ÐÐ Ðò ò4.€Mistreatment€of€Detainees:ó ó€€CPT€volunteers€have€talked€to€released€detainees.€€AllÐ „!  Ðreported€that€they€were€housed€in€overcrowded€tents€without€proper€clothes€or€toilet€facilities,Ð t"ð! Ðparticularly€in€the€initial€detention€centers€to€which€they€were€taken.€CPT€volunteers€sawÐ d#à" Ðhandcuffed€prisoners€being€led€around€with€black€plastic€bags€over€their€heads€at€an€armyÐ T$Ð # Ðbase€near€Balad€on€December€24th,€2003.€This€sort€of€treatment€ð!ð€and€worse€ð!ð€is€oftenÐ D%À!$ Ðreported€by€released€detainees.€€Such€treatment€violates€the€4th€Geneva€Convention€(ArticleÐ 4&°"% Ð85)€and€angers€detainees€and€their€families,€causing€increased€security€risks€to€CoalitionÐ $' #& Ðforces€from€an€increasingly„alienated€populace.Ð ($' ÐÐ Ðò ò5.€Theft€of€Property:ó ó€CPT€has€heard€many€stories€about€Coalition€forces€confiscating€moneyÐ ô)p&) Ðand€property€during€house€raids.€We€have€heard€Iraqis€refer€to€this€confiscation€of€money€andÐ ä*`'* Ðproperty€as€"theft."€€We€have€not€heard€of€any€instances€in€which€Coalition€forces€gave€theÐ Ô+P(+ Ðowners€receipts€for€confiscated€property.€€We€know€of€only€one€incident€in€which€confiscatedÐ Ä,@), Ðproperty€(a€computer)€was€returned.€€CPT€urges€Coalition€forces€to€cease€unnecessaryÐ ´-0*- Ðconfiscation€of€property,€to€issue€receipts€when€confiscation€is€necessary,€and€to€return€allÐ „ Ðproperty€that€has€been€unjustly€confiscated.Ð tð ÐÐ Ðò ò6.€Ineffective€Application€Process€for€Confiscated€Property:ó ó€€Many€people€who€haveÐ TÐ Ðapplied€for€compensation€for€damaged€and€confiscated€property€have€not€received€anyÐ DÀ Ðwritten€proof€of€their€application.€€They€have€also€not€received€any€documents€communicatingÐ 4° Ðdecisions€on€compensation.€€Because€there€is€no€paper€trail,€CPT€has€no€evidence€that€theÐ $   ÐCPA€has€paid€any€compensation€to€families,€even€when€CPA€officials€have€made€verbalÐ   Ðagreements€to€do€so.€€CPT€urges€the€CPA€to€document€and€follow€through€on€all€requests€forÐ  € Ðcompensation,€and€to€give€families€copies€of€all€documents€relating€to€compensation.Ð ô p  ÐÐ Ðò ò7.€Inaccessibility€of€Information:ó ó€€CPT€has€no€evidence€to€suggest€that€the€CPA€has€everÐ Ô P  Ðinitiated€any€communication€with€Iraqi€citizens€about€imprisoned€relatives,€the€return€ofÐ Ä@  Ðconfiscated€property€or€compensation€for€damaged€property.€We€believe€that€Iraqi€citizensÐ ´0  Ðhave€to€be€extremely€persistent€to€get€any€information€from€the€occupying€Coalition.€Iraqis€areÐ ¤  Ðincreasingly€frustrated€and€angered€by€failed€attempts€to€get€straightforward,€truthful€answersÐ ” Ðto€questions€asked€of€Coalition€officers.€€CPT€strongly€urges€the€CPA€to€share€informationÐ „ Ðwith€families€and€legal€representatives€of€detainees.Ð tð ÐÌò ò8.€Lack€of€Security:ó ó€€Iraqis€live€in€fear€because€of€the€lack€of€security.€€They€say€that€theÐ TÐ Ðcriminals€arrested€every€day€by€Iraqi€police€are€then€freed€within€a€few€days€by€CoalitionÐ DÀ Ðauthorities.€€Meanwhile,€innocent€detainees€are€held€for€months.€€Iraqis€perceive€that€the€CPAÐ 4° Ðis€targeting€the€wrong€people.€€The€CPA€still€needs€to€convince€Iraqis€that€it€is€doing€all€it€canÐ $  Ðto€free€the€streets€of€common€thieves,€and€release€innocent€detainees.Ð  ÐÌÌò òCONCLUSIONSó óÐ ä` ÐÌDeveloping€a€process€for€handling€detainee€issues€that€is€transparent,€efficient,€and€thatÐ Ä@ Ðupholds€basic€legal€rights€is€essential€for€establishing€a€secure€and€democratic€society.€TheÐ ´0 ÐCoalition€Provisional€Authority€can€best€lay€the€foundation€for€this€policy€by€working€inÐ ¤  Ðpartnership€with€Iraqi€human€rights€organizations€and€with€lawyers€who€have€beenÐ ”  Ðresponding€to€the€problems€of€detainees.€€A€more€open€approach€that€attends€to€theÐ „!  Ðconcerns€of€families€and€more€freely€shares€information€will,€in€the€long€run,€provide€betterÐ t"ð! Ðsecurity€for€both€Iraqi€civilians€and€Coalition€soldiers€and€personnel.€€The€CPA€could€modelÐ d#à" Ðthe€sort€of€justice€system€most€desirable€for€a€future€free,€democratic€Iraq.Ô#†XÞzXXLX½á#ÔÐ  T$Ð # ÐÔ‡LX½áXXXÞzÔò òÓ  ÓÔ‡L¼5l»XLX½áÔSection€II:€€Findings€from€72€Iraqi€Detainee€Case€StudiesÔ#†LX½áX»L¼5l(+#Ôó óÐ „ ÐÓ+ÓÓ  Óò òCase€Studies€Conducted€May€31€to€December€20,€2003Ð œ ÐChristian€Peacemaker€Teams,€Baghdad,€Iraq€ó óÐ Œ ÐÓË+ÓÓ  ÓCompiled€by€Matthew€Chandler,€21€December€2003Ð |ø ÐÌÌÌÓs,Óò òCPTððS€WORK€IN€IRAQó óÐ < ¸ ÐÌChristian€Peacemaker€Teams€(CPT)€is€an€independent,€faith-based€organization€committedÐ  ˜  Ðto€reducing€violence€sponsored€and€supported€by€Christian€churches€across€North€America,Ð  ˆ  Ðespecially€by€Mennonite,€Brethren€and€Quaker€denominations.€€€CPT€has€maintained€aÐ ü x  Ðviolence„reduction€presence€in€Iraq€since€October€2002.€€The€team's€activities€have€included:Ð ìh  ÐÓ€ VMNOPQRSTU(Eìy3GÓÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÓ °d§´°œXÓà 8 àÝ‚M3£8/ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ý€pre„invasion,€providing€on„the„ground€information€to€decision„makers€and€the€media݃M3£8//ÝŒÐÜX ì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  Ýà 8 àÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚M3£w0ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ýseeking€to€protect€vital€civil€infrastructure€facilities€during€the€war€in€March€and€April€2003݃M3£w0¤0ÝŒÐÌH ì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  Ýà 8 àÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚M3£˜1ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ý€observing€and€documenting€the€Coalition's€post„invasion€activities€and€consequentialÐ ¼8 Ðdamages€during€the€war€and€the€following€occupation݃M3£˜1Å1݌Ь(ì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  Ýà 8 àÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚M3£÷2ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ýsupporting€non-violent€efforts€of€local€Iraqis€for€justice€and€peace݃M3£÷2$3݌Мì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  Ýà 8 àÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚M3£ý3ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ýworking€to€open€lines€of€communication€between€Iraqi€human€rights€workers€andÐ Œ ÐCoalition€representatives݃M3£ý3*4ÝŒÐ|øì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  Ýà 8 àÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚M3£:5ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ýadvocating€for€just€and€humane€treatment€of€persons€the€Coalition€Forces€have€detainedÐ lè Ðand€the€family€members€of€these€detainees݃M3£:5g5ÝŒÐ\Øì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  Ýà 8 àÝ"‚M3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚M3£6ÝÔ2EìÔððÔ3  Ôà0 ì àÝ  Ýcampaigning€for€changes€in€or€development€of€Coalition€policies€which€threaten€theÐ LÈ Ðsafety€of€Coalition€soldiers,€contracted€workers€and€Iraqi€civilians.݃M3£6½6ÝŒÐ<¸ì $ì $ ÐŒÝ  ÝÌÌò òTHIS€REPORT€ó óÐ  ˆ ÐÌBetween€May€31€and€December€20,€2003,€CPT€workers€conducted€extensive€interviews€andÐ ìh Ðcollected€testimonies€related€to€the€detention€of€Iraqi€civilians.€€Testimonies€came€fromÐ ÜX Ðdetainees,€friends€and€family€of€detainees,€and€information€obtained€from€Coalition€ForcesÐ ÌH Ðrepresentatives€and/or€contracted€workers€for€the€Coalition.€€€This€report€is€a€summary€of€thatÐ ¼ 8 Ðinformation.Ð ¬!(  ÐÌÌò òCONFLICT€CONTEXTó óÐ |$ø # ÐÌDuring€the€major€military€operations€in€Iraq€(March€19€to€May€1,€2003),€Coalition€ForcesÐ \&Ø"% Ðcaptured€thousands€of€Iraqis.€Some€were€members€of€opposition€forces€and€duly€classified€asÐ L'È#& Ðprisoners€of€war.€Some€were€common€citizens€who€happened€to€be€in€the€way€of€CoalitionÐ <(¸$' ÐForces€and€were€captured€as€civilian€interns.€Others€were€charged€with€involvement€withÐ ,)¨%( Ðopposition€forces,€resistance€groups,€foreign€terrorist€groups,€or€the€former€regime€and€wereÐ *˜&) Ðcaptured€as€security€detainees.€Ð  +ˆ'* ÐÌIn€order€to€accommodate€these€captives,€Coalition€Forces€created€makeshift€detentionÐ ì,h), Ðcamps,€some€of€which€were€adapted€from€existing€facilities,€and€many€which€were€built.€Ð Ü-X*- ÐMany€interns€and€prisoners€of€war€captured€during€the€major€military€operations€have€sinceÐ „ Ðbeen€released.€€However,€as€the€sole€governing€body€in€Iraq€after€Saddam€Hussein's€regimeÐ tð Ðfell€on€April€9,€2003,€the€Coalition€Provisional€Authority€acquired€responsibility€for€criminalsÐ dà Ðincarcerated€at€all€levels€in€Iraqððs€penal€system.€Ð TÐ ÐÌSince€that€time,€Coalition€Forces€have€employed€thousands€of€Iraqi€policemen€and€dozens€ofÐ 4° ÐIraqi€judges€to€manage€the€bulk€of€Iraqi€criminal€cases.€Still,€Coalition€Forces€continue€toÐ $   Ðcapture€and€indefinitely€detain€persons€whom€they€accuse€of€crimes€against€the€Coalition€andÐ   Ðclassify€as€security€detainees.€Details€on€these€persons€ð!ð€the€total€number,€theirÐ  € Ðwhereabouts,€legal€processes,€etc.€ð!ð€remain€undisclosed€by€the€Coalition.Ð ô p  ÐÌÌò òCPTððS€WORK€ON€DETAINEESó óÐ Ä@  ÐÌChristian€Peacemaker€Teams€first€became€involved€with€detainee€issues€in€May€of€2003Ð ¤  Ðwhen€Iraqis€came€to€team€members€asking€for€help€in€finding€information€about€their€detainedÐ ” Ðrelatives.€€Working€on€their€behalf,€CPT€members€found€it€extremely€difficult€to€obtainÐ „ Ðaccurate€information€about€detainees.€€After€pressing€military€officers€at€the€Coalition's€IraqiÐ tð ÐAssistance€Center€(IAC)€in€Baghdad,€CPT€members€were€able€to€obtain€limited€informationÐ dà Ðon€the€location€of€a€few€detainees.€The€families€were€relieved€to€know€their€relatives€wereÐ TÐ Ðalive€and€relatively€safe.€Some€family€members€were€able€to€visit€their€relatives€in€theÐ DÀ ÐCoalition€detention€camps.Ð 4° ÐÌDuring€this€process,€CPT€recognized€that€hundreds€of€detaineesðð€family€members€wereÐ  Ðfrantically€trying€to€get€information€about€their€relatives.€Literally€crying€out€for€attention,Ð € Ðfamilies€crowded€at€the€concrete€barriers€and€barb„wired€gates€of€the€various€Civil€MilitaryÐ ôp ÐOperations€Centers€(Ô_ÔCMOCÔ_Ô),€where€some€CPA€detention€camps€are€located.€€FamiliesÐ ä` Ðattempted€to€visit€the€Iraqi€Assistance€Center€(IAC),€which€has€several€armed€checkpointsÐ ÔP Ðsignificantly€limiting€accessibility€for€Iraqis.€€And€families€appealed€to€the€InternationalÐ Ä@ ÐCommittee€of€the€Red€Cross€(Ô_ÔICRCÔ_Ô)€and€local€human€rights€groups€pleading€for€assistance.€Ð ´0 ÐWith€almost€no€communication€between€the€CPA€and€civilian€Iraqis,€the€gravity€of€the€problemÐ ¤  Ðwas€clear.€€Family€members€were€furious€or€devastated€when€they€failed€to€find€information,Ð ”  Ðcalling€down€curses€on€the€Coalition€and€equating€it€with€Saddam's€regime.Ð „!  ÐÌIn€early€summer€in€2003,€CPT€members€devoted€significant€effort€to€assisting€families€ofÐ d#à" Ðdetainees€and€investigating€the€Coalition's€process€for€capturing,€detaining€and€processingÐ T$Ð # Ðpersons€accused€of€crimes€against€the€Coalition.€By€the€middle€of€September,€CPT€had€takenÐ D%À!$ Ðon€dozens€of€cases€and€was€devoting€the€majority€of€its€resources€to€issues€relating€toÐ 4&°"% Ðdetainees.Ð $' #& ÐÌÌò òTHE€DETAINEE€CASE€PROCESSó óÐ ô)p&) ÐÌCPT€acquires€detainee€cases€through€a€number€of€channels,€including€from€friends€of€theÐ Ô+P(+ Ðteam,€walk-ins,€contacts€through€local€human€rights€groups,€and€contacts€through€localÐ Ä,@), Ðmosques.€The€general€process€by€which€CPT€attempts€to€help€relatives€of€detainees€follows.€Ð ´-0*- Їò òTaking€Testimoniesó ó€ð!ð€Testimonies€are€taken€from€detaineesðð€family€members€or€otherÐ „ Ðreputable€contacts€(lawyers€at€human€rights€groups€or€sheikhs€at€local€mosques)€regardingÐ tð Ðthe€detainees'€backgrounds€and€circumstances€of€the€capture.€€When€possible,€CPTÐ dà Ðdocuments€evidence€of€the€detainees'€capture€ð!ð€e.g.€photographing€the€bullet€holes€in€theÐ TÐ Ðwindows€of€the€detainees'€houses€left€by€Coalition€Forces€the€raid€in€which€they€wereÐ DÀ Ðcaptured.Ð 4° ÐÌò òAccompanying€Families€to€Visit€Authoritiesó ó€ð!ð€Go€with€relatives€or€other€contacts€ofÐ   Ðdetainees€to€places€where€Coalition€spokespersons€have€said€Iraqis€can€get€information€ð!ð€Ð  € ÐIraqi€police€stations,€Ô_ÔCMOCsÔ_Ô€(now€called€General€Information€Centers)€mostly€operated€byÐ ô p  ÐIraqis,€and€the€IAC€ð!ð€and€applying€pressure€to€obtain€information.€€Often,€the€process€halts€atÐ ä `  Ðthis€stage€because€personnel€at€the€information€centers€either€have€no€information€or€areÐ Ô P  Ðunwilling€to€disclose€information.€Ð Ä@  ÐÌò òAttempting€to€Visit€the€Detaineeó ó€ð!ð€If€relatives€are€able€to€get€information€on€the€detaineeððsÐ ¤  Ðlocation,€most€try€to€visit€the€detainees.€€In€a€few€instances,€CPT€members€accompaniedÐ ” Ðrelatives€to€the€detention€camp€at€Baghdad€International€Airport€where€Coalition€forcesÐ „ Ðrefused€them€entry€without€reason€every€time.€€In€more„successful€cases,€CPT€membersÐ tð Ðaccompanied€relatives€to€the€Ô_ÔBuccaÔ_Ô€detention€camp€in€Um€Ô_ÔQasrÔ_Ô,€located€approximately€600Ð dà Ðmiles€to€the€south€of€Baghdad,€where€they€experienced€some€success€in€getting€visitationÐ TÐ Ðappointments.€€€After€CPT's€initial€success€in€Um€Ô_ÔQasrÔ_Ô,€many€relatives€felt€empowered€toÐ DÀ Ðtravel€there€and€schedule€appointments€for€themselves.€€A€U.S.€Major€in€charge€of€visitationsÐ 4° Ðmade€significant€efforts€to€help€these€Iraqi€families.€The€Coalition,€however,€then€transferredÐ $  Ðmost€of€Ô_ÔBuccaÔ_Ô's€detainees€to€Abu€Ô_ÔGhraibÔ_Ô€prison€just€west€of€Baghdad€where€visitationsÐ  Ðinvolving€CPTððs€cases€have€been€denied.€Ð € ÐÌò òFurther€Investigation€ð!ð€ó óMany€detaineeððs€families€and€contacts€insist€that€the€detainees€areÐ ä` Ðbeing€held€unjustly€and€request€CPT's€help€in€pursuing€justice.€€€Using€local€contacts,€CPTÐ ÔP Ðinvestigates€the€background€and€character€of€the€detainee€and€his€relatives,€and€theÐ Ä@ Ðcircumstances€of€the€detainees'€capture.€A€detaineeððs€guilt€or€innocence€cannot€be€proven€atÐ ´0 Ðthis€stage.€€Still,€when€CPT€feels€strongly€it€is€unlikely€the€detainee€is€guilty,€and€in€situationsÐ ¤  Ðwhere€family€members€rely€on€the€detainee€for€support,€CPT€makes€special€efforts€toÐ ”  Ðpressure€the€Coalition€to€release€the€detainee.€€Regardless€of€issues€of€innocence€or€guilt,Ð „!  ÐCPT€presses€the€Coalition€for€a€speedy,€fair,€and€transparent€process€in€handling€detainees.Ð t"ð! ÐÌò òPursuing€Detaineesðð€Release€ó óð!ð€CPT€attempts€to€work€for€a€detaineeððs€release€by€meetingÐ T$Ð # Ðwith€the€highest€ranking€officers€possible€at€relevant€CPA€offices,€reporting€to€them€theÐ D%À!$ Ðfindings€of€CPTððs€investigation,€and€occasionally€submitting€written€statements€from€relativesÐ 4&°"% Ðof€detainees€appealing€for€the€immediate€release.€€Appeals€are€usually€heard€by€captains€andÐ $' #& Ðmajors,€but€in€a€few€cases€CPT€met€with€colonels.€€In€some€cases,€CPA€representatives€sayÐ ($' Ðthey€simply€cannot€do€anything€to€help.€In€other€cases,€Coalition€representatives€expressÐ )€%( Ðconcern€and€agree€to€relay€messages€to€their€superiors.€€In€a€few€cases,€CPA€representativesÐ ô)p&) Ðagreed€to€make€a€special€recommendation€for€the€release€of€certain€detainees.€€In€all€cases,Ð ä*`'* Ðhowever,€CPA€representatives€have€insisted€they€do€not€have€authority€to€release€detainees,Ð Ô+P(+ Ðand€that€regardless€of€the€circumstances€the€processes€will€be€slow.€€Still,€a€handful€ofÐ Ä,@), Ðdetainees€for€which€CPT€had€been€advocating€were€released.€€€While€families€are€thankful€forÐ ´-0*- ÐCPTððs€involvement€in€the€release,€team€members€have€no€way€of€measuring€the€degree€toÐ „ Ðwhich€CPT€actually€contributed€to€the€release.€€€Ð tð ÐÌò òInterviewing€the€Released€Detaineeó ó€ð!ð€€CPT€members€have€taken€testimonies€from€severalÐ TÐ Ðreleased€detainees,€and€their€accounts€are€reflected€in€the€statistical€report€below.Ð DÀ ÐÌò òPublishing€Testimonies/Reports€ð!ðó ó€€Publishing€testimonies€and€reports€may€occur€at€anyÐ $   Ðpoint,€depending€on€the€circumstances€of€the€cases.€€Many€detainees€have€reported€abuse€atÐ   Ðthe€hands€of€Coalition€forces.€€The€goal€in€publishing€these€documents€is€to€raise€awarenessÐ  € Ðwithin€North€American€constituencies€about€the€detainee€situation€and€to€encourage€theÐ ô p  Ðpublic€pressure€of€Coalition€policy-makers€to€improve€the€problem.€€€The€detainee€situation€isÐ ä `  Ða€source€of€major€frustration€for€Iraqis.€€Without€Ô_ÔremediationÔ_Ô,€it€feeds€into€the€general€sense€ofÐ Ô P  Ðopposition€to€the€Coalition€presence.€€For€the€safety€of€both€Iraqi€detainees€and€CoalitionÐ Ä@  Ðforces,€the€situation€must€be€improved.Ð ´0  ÐÌÌò òCONSERVATIVE€TABULATIONó óÐ „ ÐÌThe€summary€below€reflects€seventy„two€of€the€cases€for€which€CPT€invested€the€mostÐ dà Ðresources.€€Hundreds€more€cases€like€these€exist;€already€working€at€capacity,€CPT€hasÐ TÐ Ðturned€away€Iraqi€appeals€almost€daily.€€The€amount€of€CPT€involvement€with€these€casesÐ DÀ Ðvaries€significantly.€At€a€minimum,€in€every€case€CPT€conducted€initial€interviews€andÐ 4° Ðaccompanied€relatives€in€an€attempt€to€find€information€on€the€detainee.€€€In€some€cases,Ð $  Ðhowever,€CPT€involvement€has€been€extensive.€€Team€members€repeatedly€attempted€to€getÐ  Ðinformation€about€certain€detainees,€visited€the€detainees€held€by€Coalition€Forces,€andÐ € Ðforged€relationships€with€relatives€of€detainees€and/or€former€detainees€themselves.Ð ôp ÐÌIn€compiling€this€summary,€reporting€has€erred€on€the€conservative€side€in€an€effort€toÐ ÔP Ðproduce€a€report€free€of€slander.€€Information€reported€with€certainty€has€been€confirmed€byÐ Ä@ ÐCPT€through€reputable€sources.€Intense€emotions€affect€persons'€memories,€and€CPT€is€notÐ ´0 Ðqualified€to€psychoanalyze€people€or€administer€polygraphs.€€Thus,€reported€incidences€ofÐ ¤  Ðdamage,€injury,€property€confiscation,€or€abuse€are€listed€as€"reported€instances,"€rather€thanÐ ”  Ðas€"known€instances."Ð „!  ÐÌThe€tabulation€of€occurrences€is€especially€conservative.€For€example,€if€a€detainee€reportedÐ d#à" Ðin€his€testimony€that€he€was€"beaten€many€times€by€the€guards€at€the€Airport,"€the€tabulationÐ T$Ð # Ðreflects€only€two€reported€instances€of€the€minimum€form€of€abuse:€hitting€with€hands.€If,Ð D%À!$ Ðhowever,€the€detainee€was€specific€and€detailed€about€his€abuse€ð!ð€including€the€exact€type€ofÐ 4&°"% Ðabuse,€the€place€and€approximate€time,€and€the€number€of€instances€ð!ð€the€report€records€theÐ $' #& Ðnumber€of€instances€as€reported€by€the€detainee.€€The€same€method€applies€to€all€of€theÐ ($' Ðcategories€in€the€report.€€Definitions€of€abuse€types€follow€the€summary.Ð )€%( ÐÌÌò òPROBLEMATIC€TRENDSó óÐ Ô+P(+ ÐÌIn€the€course€of€this€research€into€the€way€in€which€the€Coalition€apprehends€and€managesÐ ´-0*- Ðdetainees,€a€number€of€problematic€trends€and€patterns€emerged.€€The€following€are€the€mostÐ „ Ðserious.€Ð tð ÐÌò òHouse€Raidsó óÐ TÐ Ðò òRaids€and€Detentions€Based€on€Bad€Information€ð!ð€ó ó€Since€the€end€of€major€militaryÐ DÀ Ðoperations,€Coalition€Forces€have€been€on€the€hunt€for€suspected€insurgents,€Ô_ÔBaathistsÔ_Ô€andÐ 4° Ðterrorists€in€an€attempt€to€cleanly€sweep€Iraq€of€all€violent€resistors.€Coalition€ForcesÐ $   Ðfrequently€raid€citizens'€homes€in€the€middle€of€the€night.€€Iraqis€dispute€the€basis€for€many€ofÐ   Ðthese€raids€for€two€main€reasons:€1)€Iraqis€allege€that€the€Coalition€Forces€are€acting€on€falseÐ  € Ðinformation€provided€by€other€Iraqis€who€want€to€a€manipulate€Coalition€Forces€to€settle€oldÐ ô p  Ðscores;€2)€€Iraqis€complain€that€when€Coalition€Forces€mistakenly€raid€houses,€they€oftenÐ ä `  Ðcapture€the€male€residents€even€after€learning€the€house€was€not€the€intended€target.€Ð Ô P  ÐAlthough€military€intelligence€files€are€classified,€several€Coalition€representatives€haveÐ Ä@  Ðadmitted€to€CPT€that€both€scenarios€do€in€fact€happen.€€€Representatives€have€acknowledgedÐ ´0  Ðthese€as€significant€problems,€but€have€expressed€no€intent€to€try€to€improve€operations.Ð ¤  ÐÌò òExcessive€Use€of€Force€and€Property€Damageó ó€ð!ð€Behaving€as€if€target€houses€containÐ „ Ðarmed€militants,€Coalition€Forces€storm€the€buildings€in€the€middle€of€the€night€€in€the€sameÐ tð Ðmanner€that€they€storm€military€facilities,€awakening€families€with€small€children.€€SoldiersÐ dà Ðoften€break€through€the€front€gate€with€armored€vehicles€or€explosives€and€break€down€doorsÐ TÐ Ðand/or€windows€of€the€house€with€their€weapons€aimed€at€anything€that€moves.€€SometimesÐ DÀ Ðthey€come€in€shooting.€€In€nearly€all€of€the€cases€reporting€house€raids,€families€first€assumedÐ 4° Ðthat€the€soldiers€were€looters€and€they€prepared€themselves€to€defend€their€family€andÐ $  Ðproperty.€€Whether€by€error€or€by€intent,€CPT€reports€show€a€trend€of€soldiers€damagingÐ  Ðsignificant€property€and€frequently€injuring€captured€persons€and/or€their€family€membersÐ € Ðduring€house€raids.Ð ôp ÐÌò òConfiscation€of€Personal€Property€ó ó€ð!ð€CPT€reports€indicate€a€trend€of€Coalition€ForcesÐ ÔP Ðconfiscating€legal€property,€such€as€money€and€jewelry,€without€giving€receipts.Ð Ä@ ÐÌò òDetention€Without€Explanationó ó€ð!ð€Soldiers€do€not€explain€the€charges€leveled€against€theÐ ¤  Ðcaptured€Iraqis.Ð ”  ÐÌò òRaids€Result€in€Iraqi€Resentmentó ó€ð!ð€Whether€they€themselves€have€fallen€victim€to€theseÐ t"ð! Ðtrends€or€not,€most€Iraqis€are€aware€of€these€problems€and€are€angry€at€the€Coalition€as€aÐ d#à" Ðresult.€In€summary,€CPT€strongly€believes€that€Coalition€Forces€create€more€resistanceÐ T$Ð # Ðfighters€every€time€they€raid€a€house,€even€if€the€persons€inside€the€house€are€guilty€of€crimesÐ D%À!$ Ðagainst€the€Coalition.Ð 4&°"% ÐÌThe€common€sentiment€is€that€the€Coalition€treatment€of€detainees€is€as€bad€as,€if€not€worseÐ ($' Ðthan,€treatment€under€the€Hussein€regime.€€Certainly,€these€problems€are€exaggerated€inÐ )€%( Ðrumors,€but€CPT€reports€show€that€detention€conditions€are€deplorable€at€best.€€Undoubtedly,Ð ô)p&) Ðthese€conditions€exacerbate€growing€resentment€against€the€Coalition,€which€feeds€violentÐ ä*`'* Ðresistance€movements€in€Iraq.Ð Ô+P(+ ÐÔ#†XÞzXXLX½áú*#ÔÔ‡LX½áXXXÞzÔÌÐ ´-0*- Їò òTreatment€of€Detaineesó óÐ „ Ðò òUnsatisfactory€Facilitiesó ó€ð!ð€Testimonies€of€€released€detainees€indicate€that€detentionÐ tð Ðconditions€are€far€below€satisfactory.€€All€interviewed€detainees€reported€staying€in€crowdedÐ dà Ðtents,€often€sleeping€on€the€desert€floor€with€improper€bedding,€and€being€mixed„in€withÐ TÐ Ðconvicted€criminals.€In€addition,€detainees€report€a€lack€of€food€and/or€very€poor€quality€food,Ð DÀ Ðlack€of€water€and/or€very€poor€quality€water€(due€to€contamination€from€chemicals),€andÐ 4° Ðovercrowded€quarters.€€Those€released€detainees€who€reported€abuse€while€in€detention,Ð $   Ðmost€reported€that€the€abuse€they€experienced€occurred€at€either€a€local€military€base€whereÐ   Ðthey€were€first€taken€or€at€the€Airport€(a.k.a.€Camp€Victory).Ð  € ÐÌò òLocation€of€Detention€Facilityó ó€ð!ð€Detainees€are€often€transferred€to€a€facility€that€is€a€longÐ ä `  Ðdistance€from€their€home,€making€it€impossible€for€many€relatives€of€detainees€to€visitÐ Ô P  Ðbecause€they€lack€the€necessary€resources€to€make€a€long€journey.€€CPT€has€found€thatÐ Ä@  Ðcamp€Ô_ÔBuccaÔ_Ô€in€Um€Ô_ÔQasrÔ_Ô,€once€a€primary€holding€facility€for€the€Coalition,€had€the€bestÐ ´0  Ðvisitation€system€but€was€also€the€farthest€camp€from€Baghdad€in€Iraq.€€It€also€boasts€theÐ ¤  Ðhighest€summer€temperatures€in€the€country.€ò òó óÐ ” ÐÌò òInadequate€Communication€with€Familiesó ó€ð!ð€While€detainees€suffer€from€sub-standardÐ tð Ðdetention€conditions,€their€families€and€friends€suffer€from€a€general€inability€to€communicateÐ dà Ðwith€their€captured€relatives,€or€to€even€get€basic€information€about€them.€To€CPTððsÐ TÐ Ðknowledge,€Coalition€representatives€have€never€provided€information€to€a€detaineeððs€familyÐ DÀ Ðof€their€own€volition.€€Rather,€most€relatives€spend€hours€and€hours€trying€to€learn€basic€factsÐ 4° Ðð!ð€location,€status,€health€ð!ð€about€the€detainee.€€Dozens€of€families€daily€gather€at€the€gates€of€Ð $  ÐCoalition€detention€facilities,€trying€desperately€to€get€information€about€their€detainedÐ  Ðrelatives.€Frequently,€the€only€way€families€learn€anything€about€their€detained€relative€is€fromÐ € Ðother€released€detainees€who€carry€messages€to€the€family.€€Only€after€much€persistenceÐ ôp Ðhave€CPT€members€been€able€to€acquire€any€information€about€detainees.Ð ä` ÐÌÌò òBreeding€Resentmentó óÐ ´0 ÐÌò òó óA€large€majority€of€Iraqis€with€whom€CPT€had€contact€find€particularly€intolerable:(1)€€the€lackÐ ”  Ðof€any€meaningful€Coalition€system€to€communicate€information€about€detainees;€(2)€theÐ „!  Ðunsatisfactory€detention€facilities;€(3)€the€heavy„handed€Coalition€raids€on€houses.€€They€feelÐ t"ð! Ðbetrayed€by€Coalition€leaders€who€promised€an€end€to€totalitarianism€and€a€new€future€ofÐ d#à" Ðfreedom,€democracy€and€justice,€yet€who€ð!ð€according€to€these€Iraqis'€perception€ð!ð€seem€toÐ T$Ð # Ðact€just€as€secretly,€dishonestly€and€unsympathetically€as€Saddam.€Moreover,€they€feel€theÐ D%À!$ ÐCoalition€has€insulted€their€dignity€by€forcing€them€to€do€such€things€as€crowd€in€earthen€lotsÐ 4&°"% Ðunder€the€hot€sun€for€hours€just€to€get€a€contracted€translator€to€check€for€their€detainedÐ $' #& Ðrelatives'€prison€numbers€so€they€can€get€visits.€Since€the€occupation€began,€theseÐ ($' Ðcircumstances€have€barely€improved.€Many€Iraqis€have€already€lost€patience,€and€manyÐ )€%( Ðothers€are€losing€theirððs€quickly,€replaced€by€resentment€and€aggression€against€the€Coalition;Ð ô)p&) Ðviolent€resistance€movements€are€gaining€credibility€among€the€public.Ð ä*`'* ÐÌÌò òREPORTING€THE€SITUATIONÐ ´-0*- Ðó óÌCPT€has€voiced€these€concerns€to€commissioned€officers€ðMð€some€who€rank€as€high€asÐ tð Ðcolonel.€Some€officers€have€listened€to€these€concerns€and€agreed€that€the€safety€of€everyÐ dà ÐCoalition€soldier€is€wrapped€up€in€how€Iraqis€perceive€the€behavior€of€CoalitionÐ TÐ Ðrepresentatives.€However,€the€problems€these€trends€indicate€largely€stem€from€decisionsÐ DÀ Ðmade€by€policy-makers€rather€than€field€officers€and€soldiers.€Thus,€CPT€has€created€thisÐ 4° Ðreport€not€only€as€reference€for€persons€who€are€curious€about€CPT's€work€in€Iraq,€but€also€asÐ $   Ða€resource€for€persons€who€want€to€impress€upon€Coalition€policy-makers€the€need€to€makeÐ   Ðbetter€decisions€which€will€lead€to€more€safety€for€Iraqis€as€well€as€Coalition€soldiers.Ð  € ÐÐ  ô p  ÐÔ‡L¼5l»XLX½áÔò òÓ  ÓSection€III:€Statistical€SummaryÐ „ ÐÔ#†LX½áX»L¼5lj#Ôó óÓŒÓÌÌTotal€number€of€cases€represented€below€of€persons€detained€by€Coalition€Forces€(CoalitionÐ |ø ÐForces):€72Ð lè Ðò òÌI.€Demographic€Information€ó óÐ L È Ðà 8 àÌà 8 àA.€Gender€Ð , ¨ Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€71€men€Ð  ˜  Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€1€woman€Ð  ˆ  ÐÌà 8 àB.€Age€Ð ìh  Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Range:€16€to€74€years€Ð ÜX  Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€Average€age:€32€years€Ð ÌH  Ðà 8 àà ì àiii.€Number€of€minors:€1€(16€years)€Ð ¼8 ÐÌà 8 àC.€Nationality€Ð œ Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Number€of€Iraqi€nationals:€65€Ð Œ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Home€locations:€Ð |ø Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à1.€Baghdad:€54€Ð lè Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔAadhumiyaÔ_Ô:€27€Ð \Ø Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Jehad:€3€Ð LÈ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔQadasiyaÔ_Ô:€3€Ð <¸ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔGhazaliyaÔ_Ô:€2€Ð ,¨ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Saab:€1€Ð ˜ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔAmeriyaÔ_Ô:€2€Ð  ˆ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔSaidaiÔ_Ô:€1€Ð üx Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔMajhtelÔ_Ô:€1€Ð ìh Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔNasirÔ_Ô:€1€Ð ÜX Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔMonsourÔ_Ô:€1€Ð ÌH Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔSalhiyaÔ_Ô:€1€Ð ¼ 8 Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Dora:€1€Ð ¬!(  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔThawraÔ_Ô:€1€Ð œ"! Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔSayediyahÔ_Ô:€1€Ð Œ# " Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€al-Ô_ÔHaderÔ_Ô:€1€Ð |$ø # Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à2.€al-Ô_ÔRamadiÔ_Ô:€2€Ð l%è!$ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à3.€Ô_ÔDialaÔ_Ô:€2€Ð \&Ø"% Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à4.€Ô_ÔKerbalaÔ_Ô:€1€Ð L'È#& Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à5.€al-Ô_ÔSamwawÔ_Ô:€1€Ð <(¸$' Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à6.€Unknown€city:€5€Ð ,)¨%( Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€Number€of€Iranian€nationals:€4€Ð *˜&) Ðà 8 àà ì àiii.€Number€of€persons€whose€nationality€Christian€Peacemaker€Teams€(CPT)€Ð  +ˆ'* Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àdoes€not€know:€3Ð  ü+x(+ ÐÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_Ôò òII.Ô_Ô€Capture€Information€ó óÐ „ ÐÌà 8 àA.€Date€of€Capture€Ð dà Ðà 8 àà ì àà0   àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€captured€the€person€during€major€militaryÐ TÐ Ðoperations€(19€March€ðMð€1€May€03):€6€ÐDÀ  $  $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà0   àà ì àii.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€captured€the€person€after€major€militaryÐ 4° Ðoperations€(2€May€03€ðMð€present):€63€Ð$    $  $ Ðà 8 àà ì àiii.€Cases€in€which€CPT€does€not€know€the€date€of€capture:€3€Ð   ÐÌà 8 àB.€Charges€Against€the€Captive€Ð ô p  Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€the€captive€was€accused€of€a€civil€crime(s):€0€Ð ä `  Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€the€captive€was€accused€of€a€crime(s)€against€CoalitionÐ Ô P  ÐForces:€27€Ð Ä@  ÐÌà 8 àC.€Place€of€Capture€à ô àà ¨ àÐ ¤  Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€captured€the€person€in€his€home:€25€Ð ” Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€captured€the€person€outside€his/her€home:Ð „ Ð23€Ð tð ÐÌà 8 àD.€Method€of€Capture€Ð TÐ Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€Coalition€Forces€captured€the€person€during€a€raid€on€hisÐ DÀ Ðhome:€25€Ð 4° Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà0 T àà   àa.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€used€a€Ô_ÔhumveeÔ_Ô(s)€and€foot€soldiersÐ $  Ðwithout€gunfire€or€explosives:€15€ÐT $T $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà0 T àà   àb.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€used€a€Ô_ÔhumveeÔ_Ô(s)€and€foot€soldiers€withÐ € Ðgunfire€and/or€explosives:€10€ÐôpT $T $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà0 T àà   àc.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€used€a€large€armored€vehicle(s)€withoutÐ ä` Ðgun/cannon€fire:€4€ÐÔPT $T $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà0 T àà   àd.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€used€a€large€armored€vehicle(s)€withÐ Ä@ Ðgun/cannon€fire:€0€Ð´0T $T $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àe.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€used€a€helicopter(s)€without€gun€or€rocketÐ ¤  Ðfire:€7€Ð ”  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àf.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€reportedly€used€a€helicopter(s)€with€gun€and/orÐ „!  Ðrocket€fire:€0€Ð t"ð! Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€raided€the€same€house€more€than€once:€2€Ð d#à" Ðà 8 àà ì àiii.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€admitted€error€for€the€raid€at€the€event€of€the€raid:€4€Ð T$Ð # Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€captured€the€person€after€an€admission€of€error:€4€Ð D%À!$ Ðà 8 àà ì àiv.€Cases€in€which€persons€in€the€house€physically€resisted€the€raiding€Coalition€Forces:€1€Ð 4&°"% Ðà 8 àà ì àà0   àà ì àv.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€damaged€property€of€the€captive€and/or€his€familyÐ $' #& Ðduring€the€house€raid:€16€Ð($'  $  $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€damaged€property€by€gunfire:€9€Ð )€%( Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€damaged€property€by€explosives:€7€Ð ô)p&) Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€damaged€property€by€military€vehicles:€4€Ð ä*`'* Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àd.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€damaged€property€by€soldiers,€physically:€5€Ð Ô+P(+ Ðà 8 àà ì àvi.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€injured€the€captive€during€the€raid:€10€Ð Ä,@), Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€gunfire:€2€Ð ´-0*- Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€glass€or€shrapnel:€0€Ð „ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€physical€force:€8€Ð tð Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à1.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€hitting€with€hands:€6€Ð dà Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à2.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€hitting€with€weapons:€3€Ð TÐ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à3.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€kicking:€3€Ð DÀ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à4.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€stomping:€3€Ð 4° Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à5.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€shoving:€1€Ð $   Ðà 8 àà ì àvii.€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€injured€the€captive's€family€members€during€the€raid:Ð   Ð6€Ð  € Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Total€number€of€family€members€of€captives€injured:€7€Ð ô p  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à1.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€gunfire:€3€Ð ä `  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à2.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€glass€or€shrapnel:€1€Ð Ô P  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T à3.€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€physical€force:€1€Ð Ä@  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€hitting€with€hands:€0€Ð ´0  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€hitting€with€weapon:€0€Ð ¤  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€kicking:€1€Ð ” Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€stomping:€1€Ð „ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà T àà  à-€Reported€instances€of€injury€by€shoving:€0€Ð tð Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Number€of€family€members€who€died€as€a€result€of€these€injuries:€2€Ð dà ÐÌà 8 àE.€Property€Confiscation€Ð DÀ Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€Coalition€Forces€confiscated€property€of€the€captive€or€his/her€family:€24€Ð 4° Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Reported€instances€of€Coalition€Forces€confiscating€firearms:€3€Ð $  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€Coalition€Forces€confiscating€money:€6€Ð  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Reported€instances€of€Coalition€Forces€confiscating€jewelry:€4€Ð € Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àd.€Reported€instances€of€Coalition€Forces€confiscating€electronics:€4€Ð ôp Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àe.€Reported€instances€of€Coalition€Forces€confiscating€other€property:€4€Ð ä` Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àf.€Reported€instances€of€Coalition€Forces€giving€receipts€for€confiscated€property:€0€Ð ÔP Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àg.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€Coalition€Forces€returned€all€confiscated€property:€0€Ð Ä@ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àh.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€Coalition€Forces€returned€partial€amounts€of€confiscatedÐ ´0 Ðproperty:€1Ð ¤  ÐÌÌò òIII.€Detention€Information€ó óÐ t"ð! ÐÌà 8 àA.€Place€of€Detention€Ð T$Ð # Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Number€of€detainees€CPT€knows€have€spent€time€in€the€following€Coalition€ForcesÐ D%À!$ Ðfacilities:€Ð 4&°"% Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Camp€Ô_ÔBuccaÔ_Ô,€Um€Ô_ÔQasrÔ_Ô:€27€Ð $' #& Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Baghdad€International€Airport:€21€Ð ($' Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Abu€Ô_ÔGhraibÔ_Ô,€Baghdad:€16€Ð )€%( Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àd.€Ô_ÔNasariyaÔ_Ô:€5€Ð ô)p&) Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àe.€Ibn€Ô_ÔSinaÔ_Ô€Hospital,€Coalition€Headquarters,€Baghdad:€2€Ð ä*`'* Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àf.€Ô_ÔBCoalitionÔ_Ô€Forces:€1€Ð Ô+P(+ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àg.€Ô_ÔBaqubaÔ_Ô:€1€Ð Ä,@), Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àh.€Ô_ÔTikritÔ_Ô:€1€Ð ´-0*- Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€al-Ô_ÔShaabÔ_Ô€Stadium,€Baghdad:€1€Ð „ ÐÌà 8 àB.€Current€Status€of€Detainees€Ð dà Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€Ô_ÔCoalition€ForcesÔ_Ô€have€released€the€detainee:€24€Ð TÐ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Range€of€length€of€detention:€3€days€to€200€days€Ð DÀ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Average€length€of€detention:€57€days€Ð 4° Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Cases€in€which€the€detainee€was€convicted€of€a€crime:€0€Ð $   Ðà 8 àà ì àii.€Cases€in€which€CPT's€reports€show€Ô_ÔCoalition€ForcesÔ_Ô€are€still€holding€the€detainee:€38€Ð   Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€Ô_ÔCoalition€ForcesÔ_Ô€have€allowed€the€detainee€legal€council:Ð  € Ð0€Ð ô p  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€Ô_ÔCoalition€ForcesÔ_Ô€have€reviewed€the€detainee's€case:€0€Ð ä `  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€the€detainee€has€had€a€trial:€0€Ð Ô P  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àd.€Cases€in€which€CPT€knows€the€detainee€has€been€convicted€of€a€crime:€0€Ð Ä@  ÐÌà 8 àC.€Ô_ÔCoalition€Forces'sÔ_Ô€Treatment€of€Detainees€Ð ¤  Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€Ô_ÔCoalition€ForcesÔ_Ô€and/or€contracted€workers€reportedly€abused€theÐ ” Ðdetainee:€10€Ð „ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Reported€instances€of€hitting€with€hands:€11€Ð tð Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€hitting€with€other€objects:€1€Ð dà Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Reported€instances€of€kicking:€5€Ð TÐ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àd.€Reported€instances€of€stomping:€2€Ð DÀ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àe.€Reported€instances€of€aggressive€shoving:€6€Ð 4° Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àf.€Reported€instances€of€other€physical€abuse:€2€Ð $  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àg.€Reported€instances€of€excessively€tight€handcuffing:€4€Ð  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àh.€Reported€instances€of€prolonged€handcuffing:€10€Ð € Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Reported€instances€of€prolonged€forced€kneeling:€7€Ð ôp Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àj.€Reported€instances€of€prolonged€exposure€to€sunlight:€4€Ð ä` Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àk.€Reported€instances€of€prolonged€covering€of€eyes:€3€Ð ÔP Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àl.€Reported€instances€of€prolonged€exposure€to€loud€music:€2€Ð Ä@ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àm.€Reported€instances€of€deprivation€of€food:€3€Ð ´0 Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àn.€Reported€instances€of€deprivation€of€water:€11€Ð ¤  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   ào.€Reported€instances€of€deprivation€of€minimal€sanitary€conditions:€2€Ð ”  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àp.€Reported€instances€of€deprivation€of€urination€privileges:€1€Ð „!  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àq.€Reported€instances€of€refusal€of€necessary€medical€care:€2€Ð t"ð! Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àr.€Reported€instances€of€electrocution:€1€Ð d#à" Ðà 8 àà ì àà   às.€Reported€instances€of€prying€off€a€toenail:€1€Ð T$Ð # Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àt.€Reported€instances€of€psychological€abuse:€3€Ð D%À!$ ÐÌà 8 àD.€Communication€of€Information€about€Detainees€Ð $' #& Ðà 8 àà ì àà0   àà ì àÔ_ÔiÔ_Ô€Cases€in€which€Ô_ÔCoalition€Forces/contractedÔ_Ô€workers€gave€information€about€theÐ ($' Ðdetainee€to€family€or€friends:€33€Ð)€%(  $  $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€at€initiation€of€Ô_ÔCoalition€Forces/contractedÔ_Ô€workers:Ð ô)p&) Ð0€Ð ä*`'* Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€at€first€request€of€family/friends:€7€Ð Ô+P(+ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àc.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€only€after€family,€friends€and/or€CPT€persisted:€32€Ð Ä,@), Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àà0 T àà   àd.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€only€after€family€members€paid€a€bribe€to€Ô_ÔCoalitionÐ ´-0*- ÐForces/contractedÔ_Ô€workers:€2€Ð„T $T $ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àe.€Reported€instances€in€which€info.€given€turned€out€to€be€false:€8€Ð tð Ðà 8 àà ì àà0   àà ì àii.€Reported€instances€of€family€or€friends€attempting€to€get€info.€from€Ô_ÔCoalition€ForcesÔ_Ô€orÐ dà Ðcontracted€workers€and€failing:€100€ÐTР $  $ Ðà 8 àà ì àiii.€Cases€in€which€the€Ô_ÔICRCÔ_Ô€gave€info.€about€detainees€to€family€or€friends:€2€Ð DÀ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€at€the€initiation€of€the€Ô_ÔICRCÔ_Ô:€0€Ð 4° Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€at€the€request€of€family/friends:€2€Ð $   Ðà 8 àà ì àà0   àà ì àiv.€Reported€instances€of€family€or€friends€attempting€to€get€info.€from€the€Ô_ÔICRCÔ_Ô€à @‚ àà @‚ àandÐ   Ðfailing:€11€Ð €  $  $ Ðà 8 àà ì àv.€Cases€in€which€the€Iraqi€Police€(IP)€gave€info.€about€detainees€to€family€or€friends:€4€Ð ô p  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€at€the€initiation€of€the€IP:€1€Ð ä `  Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€info.€given€at€the€request€of€family/friends:€3€Ð Ô P  Ðà 8 àà ì àvi.€Reported€instances€of€family€or€friends€attempting€to€get€info.€from€the€IP€and€failing:€3€Ð Ä@  ÐÌà 8 àE.€Visitations€Ð ¤  Ðà 8 àà ì àÔ_Ôi.Ô_Ô€Cases€in€which€family€tried€to€schedule€a€visit(s)€with€detainees:€29€Ð ” Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àa.€Cases€in€which€family€members€were€able€to€visit€detainees:€11€Ð „ Ðà 8 àà ì àà   àb.€Reported€instances€of€failed€attempts€to€schedule€visits:€10€Ð tð ÐÌÌÌò òGLOSSARY€OF€TERMSó óÐ 4° ÐÌHitting€with€hands:€Intentionally€striking€part€of€a€person's€body€with€one's€hand€in€either€aÐ  Ðlateral€or€a€vertical€motion€(e.g.€boxing€a€person€in€the€nose,€chopping€a€person€on€the€neck,Ð € Ðetc.)Ð ôp ÐÌHitting€with€other€objects:€Intentionally€striking€part€of€a€person's€body€with€a€solid€objectÐ ÔP Ðmanipulated€by€one's€hands€in€either€a€lateral€or€a€vertical€motion€(e.g.€striking€a€person€in€theÐ Ä@ Ðmouth€with€the€butt€of€an€M-16€rifle,€striking€a€person€on€the€shoulder€with€a€club,€etc.).Ð ´0 ÐÌKicking:€Intentionally€striking€part€of€a€person's€body€with€one's€foot€in€a€lateral€motion€(e.g.Ð ”  Ðstriking€a€person€in€the€ribs€with€one's€foot€while€the€person€is€lying€on€the€ground,€etc.).Ð „!  ÐÌStomping:€Intentionally€striking€or€pressing€heavily€in€part€of€a€person's€body€with€one's€foot€inÐ d#à" Ða€vertical€motion€(e.g.€striking€a€person€on€the€back€with€the€sole€of€one's€foot€while€theÐ T$Ð # Ðperson€is€lying€face-down€on€the€ground,€pressing€heavily€with€one's€foot€on€the€back€of€aÐ D%À!$ Ðperson's€head€while€the€person€is€lying€face-down€on€the€ground,€etc.).Ð 4&°"% ÐÌAggressive€shoving:€Intentionally€thrusting€a€person€with€one's€hands,€arms,€foot,€leg,€and/orÐ ($' Ðbody€such€that€the€person€falls€violently€to€the€ground,€against€the€wall,€or€against€anotherÐ )€%( Ðsolid€object€(e.g.€thrusting€a€person€with€one's€hands€such€that€the€person€collides€with€theÐ ô)p&) Ðwall,€etc.).Ð ä*`'* ÐÌOther€physical€abuse:€Intentionally€inflicting€pain€on€a€person€with€one's€body€or€with€anÐ Ä,@), Ðobject€manipulated€by€ones€hands€(e.g.€boring€one's€fist€into€a€person's€chest,€strangling€aÐ ´-0*- Ðperson€with€one's€hands,€etc.).Ð „ ÐÌExcessively€tight€handcuffing:€Intentionally€tying€a€person's€hands€together€such€that€theÐ dà Ðperson's€hand's€immediately€swell€or€go€numb,€are€lacerated,€or€soon€develop€blisters.Ð TÐ ÐÌProlonged€handcuffing:€Intentionally€or€negligently€leaving€a€person's€hands€tied€togetherÐ 4° Ðbehind€the€person's€back€for€more€than€three€or€four€hours.Ð $   ÐÌProlonged€forced€kneeling:€Intentionally€forcing€a€person€to€kneel€on€his€knees€for€more€thanÐ  € Ðtwo€continuous€hours,€such€that€the€person's€legs€go€numb€and/or€cramp.Ð ô p  ÐÌProlonged€exposure€to€sunlight:€Intentionally€or€negligently€forcing€a€person€to€remain€in€theÐ Ô P  Ðsunlight€for€more€than€three€or€four€continuous€hours,€such€that€the€person€develops€a€burn,Ð Ä@  Ðbecomes€dehydrated,€and/or€experiences€heat€exhaustion.Ð ´0  ÐÌProlonged€covering€of€eyes:€Intentionally€or€negligently€leaving€a€person's€eyes€covered€forÐ ” Ðmore€than€three€or€four€hours,€such€that€the€person€becomes€disoriented.Ð „ ÐÌProlonged€exposure€to€loud€music:€Intentionally€or€negligently€subjecting€a€person€to€music€atÐ dà Ða€high€enough€volume€to€inflict€pain€to€the€person's€ears€for€more€than€one€hour.Ð TÐ ÐÌDeprivation€of€food:€Intentionally€or€negligently€withholding€any€food€from€a€person€for€moreÐ 4° Ðthan€twelve€hours,€or€intentionally€withholding€necessary€amounts€of€food€for€more€than€oneÐ $  Ðday€(e.g.€providing€a€person€with€only€one€spoonful€of€food€per€day€for€three€days).Ð  ÐÌDeprivation€of€water:€Intentionally€or€negligently€withholding€any€water€from€person€for€moreÐ ôp Ðthan€three€hours€in€high€temperature€settings,€or€intentionally€withholding€necessary€amountsÐ ä` Ðof€water€for€more€than€one€day€(e.g.€providing€a€person€with€only€one€liter€of€water€per€day€forÐ ÔP Ðthree€days€when€the€temperature€exceeds€90€F€each€day).Ð Ä@ ÐÌDeprivation€of€minimal€sanitary€conditions:€Intentionally€or€negligently€failing€to€provide€aÐ ¤  Ðperson€with€opportunities€to€bathe,€proper€urination/defecation€facilities€or€minimally€sanitaryÐ ”  Ðliving€quarters€for€more€than€one€week.Ð „!  ÐÌDeprivation€of€urination€privileges:€Intentionally€preventing€a€person€from€using€urinationÐ d#à" Ðfacilities,€such€that€the€person€loses€control€of€the€person's€bladder.Ð T$Ð # ÐÌRefusal€of€necessary€medical€care:€Intentionally€or€negligently€refusing€to€give€medical€aid€toÐ 4&°"% Ða€person€in€a€situation€of€medical€emergency€(e.g.€refusing€to€take€a€person€to€the€hospitalÐ $' #& Ðwhen€the€person€has€fainted€and€remains€unconscious).Ð ($' ÐÌElectrocution:€Intentionally€shocking€a€person€with€painful€amounts€of€electricity€(e.g.Ð ô)p&) Ðshocking€a€person€with€a€cattle€prod€for€three€minutes).Ð ä*`'* ÐÌPrying€off€a€toenail:€Intentionally€and€forcefully€removing€a€person's€healthy€toenail.Ð Ä,@), Ðà 8 àÐ ´-0*- ÐPsychological€abuse:€Intentionally€subjecting€a€person€to€conditions€that€cause€the€personÐ „ Ðsevere€mental€stress,€disorientation,€severe€anxiety,€and/or€traumatic€fear€(e.g.€blindfolding€aÐ tð Ðperson€and€his€brother,€forcing€them€to€kneel€next€to€each€other,€faking€beating€and€shootingÐ dà Ðthe€brother,€telling€the€person€one€killed€his€brother€and€will€kill€the€person€next,€Ô_ÔcockingÔ_Ô€one'sÐ TÐ Ðgun,€placing€it€to€the€person's€head,€and€pretending€to€shoot).Ð DÀ ÐÌNote:€All€of€the€examples€given€in€the€above€definitions€reflect€actual€testimonies€from€CPTÐ $   Ðinvestigations.Ð   ÐÌÌÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÌò òABOUT€CHRISTIAN€PEACEMAKER€TEAMSó óÐ Ô P  ÐÌChristian€Peacemaker€Teams€(CPT)€is€an€independent,€faith-based,€€violence-reductionÐ ´0  Ðproject,€sponsored€and€supported€by€Christian€churches€across€North€America,€especially€byÐ ¤  ÐMennonite,€Brethren€and€Quaker€denominations.€€CPT€has€placed€violence-reduction€teamsÐ ” Ðand/or€delegations€in€the€following€locations€since€its€genesis€in€1988:€Hebron,€Palestine;Ð „ ÐÔ_ÔChiapasÔ_Ô,€Mexico;€Ô_ÔBarrancabermeijaÔ_Ô,€Colombia;€New€Brunswick€and€Ontario,€Canada;€SouthÐ tð ÐDakota,€Virginia,€Washington,€D.C.€and€New€York,€USA;€Ô_ÔViequesÔ_Ô,€Puerto€Rico;€Bosnia;€Haiti;Ð dà ÐAfghanistan;€and€Iraq.€CPT's€violence-reduction€work€around€the€world€is€based€on€members'Ð TÐ ÐChristian€faith,€inspired€by€Jesus€of€Nazareth's€example,€as€well€as€by€other€leaders,€such€asÐ DÀ ÐGandhi,€Ô_ÔBadshaÔ_Ô€Khan,€Martin€Luther€King,€Jr.€and€peacemakers€from€other€religions€andÐ 4° Ðtraditions.Ð $  ÐÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÔ‡L¼5l»XLX½áÔò òChristian€Peacemaker€Teams€ó óÔ#†LX½áX»L¼5lÆü#ԀРÔP ÐPO€Box€6508,€Chicago,€IL€60680,€USA€€€Ð ìh ÐTel:€773„277„0253;€Fax:€773„277„0291€€Ð ÜX Ðemail:€peacemakers@cpt.org;€€Web:€www.cpt.orgÐ ÌH ÐÓºüÓÌÌÔ#†XÞzXXLX½áz|#ÔÌÌÌÌÌÌ